阳泉市居民用药行为风险KAP调查结果分析及对策

Analysis and countermeasures of the drug use behavior risk in Yangquan City by KAP survey

目的:分析山西省阳泉市居民用药安全的知识-态度-行为现状,并探索用药风险因素,为开展合理用药宣教方向和内容提供参考。方法:采用近似随机抽样方法,发放调查问卷和网络问卷,问卷结果采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。问卷共63个问题,包括居民用药行为、用药意识和用药情况,是否接触用药教育活动及对其开展相关教育活动的支持率等。结果:本次共获得有效调查问卷1421份,居民对药品及药品使用的整体认知度按性别、月收入、文化程度、职业等各组之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查结果显示阳泉市居民用药行为风险认知度低,尤其是老年人、农村居民、低文化程度、离退休及无/失业者认知水平较其他人群低。一些用药错误行为发生率高,用药知识来源有限,主要以各种形式的宣传资料为主,大多数人渴望得到专业用药指导,对各种形式的合理用药知识教育宣传活动支持率高。结论:公众安全用药知识知晓率和普及率偏低,针对数据结果,提出相应对策,采取不同的宣传教育形式,提高居民合理用药水平,最大程度防范用药安全风险。

Objective To analyze the current status of knowledge-attitude-practice of drug use for residents in Yangquan City,explore the risk factors of drug use,and provide a reference for the proper direction and content of rational drug use propaganda and education. Methods An approximate random sampling method was used to distribute questionnaires and network questionnaires.The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 statistical software.There were 63 questions,including residents′ drug use behavior,drug use awareness,and drug use situation,whether they are exposed to drug use education activities,and the support rate for related educational activities,and so on. Results A total of 1421 valid questionnaires were obtained.There was a significant difference in residents′ overall awareness of drugs and drug use according to gender,income,education,occupation and other groups(P<0.05). The results of the survey showed that the awareness of the risk of drug use among residents in our city was low,especially among the elderly,rural,low education level,retired and unemployed residents.Some medication errors occured frequently,and the sources of medication knowledge were limited which mainly based on various forms of publicity materials.Most people were eager to get professional guidance of medication and had high support rate for various forms of education and publicity activities about rational medication knowledge. Conclusion The awareness and popularization rates of public safety drug use knowledge are low.According to the results,the corresponding countermeasures should be put forward,different forms of propaganda and education are supposed to improve the residents′ rational drug use level,and to prevent the safety risk of drug use to the maximum extent.