王莽代汉的舆论考察

A Study on the Effect of Public Opinion in the Western Han Dynasty on Wang Mang’s Taking the Throne

王莽从贵戚低层向权力核心靠拢并以和平方式登上皇帝宝座,与西汉后期社会舆论导向关系密切。汉末严重的社会危机使得“易姓改命”和“再受命”思潮渐为时人所接受,为王莽改朝换代奠定了理论和舆论基础;王莽折节恭俭、谦约退让、克心履礼、折节行仁、爵位益尊节操愈谦等不同时俗的行为举止,塑造了良好的个人形象,使其成为社会各阶层心目中的“圣贤之人”,朝野内外颂声并作,获得社会各阶层的拥戴与支持,为其代汉做了舆论上的引导;符命瑞应舆论的制造昭示着其代汉是天命所归,王莽在舆论的推动下“不得已”完成新汉政权的和平嬗代。总之,舆论引导与制造推动了汉新政权的顺利更迭,舆论战在王莽禅汉的道路上发挥了无与伦比的作用。

Wang Mang’s moving upward to the core of power from the lower level of the nobles,and his taking the emperor’s throne without violence are closely related to the social public opinion in the late Western Han Dynasty.The severe social crisis at the end of the Western Han Dynasty fueled the public longing for a new throne,which laid a theoretical and public opinion foundation for Wang Mang taking the throne.Wang Mang’s courtesy,resignation,and sympathy,created a good personal image and won him praises in and outside the imperial court,and made him a“sage”supported by people from all walks of life.Rumors on the fabricated divine signs that the throne of the Western Han Dynasty is doomed to be taken by Wang Mang“forced”him to set up the Xin regime.Public opinion guided and promoted the peaceful transition of the Western Han regime.