三种浮绳式框架养殖围网系泊缆绳和框架纲张力试验研究

Experimental Investigation on Tension of Mooring Line and Frame Rope of Aquaculture Purse Seines with Three Different Flexible Frame

浅海围网养殖是一种全新的海水生态养殖方式,敷设在开放性海域,承受风、浪和流的作用,产生复杂的水动力。本文根据养殖围网海上实际敷设情况和水文条件,基于松田皎模型准则设计制作了长方体、圆柱体和球体3种不同浮筒形状的浮绳式柔性框架养殖围网模型。在循环动水槽中采用预加张力的系泊方法测试了不同流速和系泊角度下围网框架纲和系泊缆绳的张力特征变化。研究结果显示:流速与张力的关联度大于系泊角度与张力的关联度;流速小于35cm/s时,系泊缆绳的张力变化较平稳;系泊角度在63°和74°之间时,系泊缆绳和框架纲张力的变化较平稳,且当系泊角度为71°时,张力相对较小;相比其他2种浮筒类型围网,长方体浮筒浮绳式框架养殖围网的系泊缆绳和框架纲张力的变化相对较平稳。

Floating Purse Seines with flexible frames have been applied to shallow-water ecological aquaculture.The utilise of floating frames allow the purse seines to be installed in an open sea and consequently suffer complex hydrodynamic force which are affected by severer ocean environment consisting of wind,wave and current.According to practical operation and hydrological conditions,aquaculture seine models with three types of flexible frames(Rectangular,cylindrical and spherical floats)were designed based on Matsuta’s rule.This paper presents a model test on the tension variation trends of mooring line and frame rope of the floating purse seines with pre-tension on mooring line.Different current speeds and mooring angles have been considered.The results show that the tension variation is more correlated to the current speed than the mooring angle;and the tension variation trend of mooring line keeps stable while velocity is less than 35 cm/s;the tension value of mooring line and frame rope changes little while mooring angle is between 63°and 74°,and is relatively small when mooring angle is 71°;the tension of floating aquaculture purse seines framed with rectangular floats is comparatively stable,comparing with other two kinds of floating frame.