中华多民族文学史写作中的问题与思考

Problems and Reflections on the Writing of a History of Chinese Multi-ethnic Literature

中华多民族文学史的编写存在民族文学的划分标准不明确,少数民族作家作品的民族特质被遮蔽,文学史著作很容易成为一个各族文学的大拼盘,以线性历史时序来编写多民族文学史存在局限性等问题;针对这些问题必须有相应的对策:第一,划分民族文学只能以作者的民族成分为唯一标准;第二,应结合作家的民族身份来评价其人其作;第三,应理清各民族文学的相互关系;第四,可以结合地域文学发展演变、各种文学题材或体裁的发展演变等结构线索来书写中华多民族文学史。

Problems exist in writing a history of Chinese multi-ethnic literature. First, the division standards of ethnic literature are not clear;second, the ethnic characteristics of minority writers are ignored;third, the relationship between different ethnic groups should be made clear. Fourth, writing a history of multi-ethnic literature in chronological order has its limitations. The author reflects on these problems and provides corresponding solutions to them: first, the only division standard of ethnic literature should be the ethnic identity of a writer;second, the ethnic identity of a writer should be considered in the evaluation of the writer and his works;third, interrelation among ethnic literatures should be clarified;fourth, structural clues such as the evolution of regional literature, literary themes or styles can be considered during the writing of a history of Chinese multi-ethnic literature.