口述历史语篇的多维度分析

Multidimensional Analysis of Oral History Text

在与日常谈话、学术论文语篇对比的基础上,对口述历史语篇的多维度分析表明,可以提取的基本维度有四个,即“人际互动与资讯传递”“个人情感的表达与对事实的客观陈述”“口语体与书面语体”“事件重构与论证阐释”。研究表明,口述历史语篇倾向于人际互动;它重在对事实的客观陈述;它是准备程度较高、经过编辑加工的言语成品,具有书面语体的倾向;它重在重构历史事件,具有叙事性。上述特征是由口述历史语篇的交际方式、交际目的以及生成环境决定的。

On the basis of comparing with daily conversation and academic papers with Multidimensional Analysis, this paper extracted four basic dimensions of oral history. These four basic dimensions were as followed: interpersonal interaction vs. information transmission, expression of personal feelings vs. objective statement of the fact, oral register vs. written register, event reconstruction vs. demonstrative explanation. The study showed the results as followed: the oral history text tended to be more inter-personally interactive;focused more on objective statement of the fact;was well-prepared and processed speech product with a tendency of written register;highlighted on the reconstruction of historical events, hence with the features in narratives. These features were determined by the ways and purposes of communication, and production circumstances of the oral history text.