遮阴条件下冬小麦材料生长发育特性相关基因分子鉴定

Molecular Identification of Genes Related to Growth and Development Characteristics of Winter Wheat under Shading Condition

【目的】研究耐阴小麦品种及种质资源遗传特性,对南疆主栽品种、部分新育成品种、国内引进品种,自育品系等材料以1Bl/1RS,春化基因,光周期基因,产量相关基因开展分子标记鉴定。了解现有材料的遗传背景,为选育适合新疆南疆“果麦间作”模式小麦新品种奠定基础。【方法】利用1Bl/1RS、Vrn-A1、Ppd-D1、TaSus2、TaCwi-A1ab(CW121)TaCwi-A1b(CW122)分子标记,对遮阴条件下的冬小麦材料主要生长发育特性基因进行分子鉴定分析。【结果】在鉴定70份冬麦材料中、1Bl/1RS(ω-sec-p1-p2)(ω-sec-p3-p4)类型为57.1%、100%;Vrn-A1(Vrn-A1c)(vrn-A1)类型为97.1%、74.2%;Ppd-D1类型为100%;TaSus2(Hap-H)(Hap-L)类型为41.4%、30%;CW121、CW122类型为50%、75.7%;在4份主栽及部分育成品种、66份其他国内引进冬麦材料中,1Bl/1RS(sec-p1-p2)(sec-p3-p4)类型分别为25%、59%、100%、100%;Vrn-A1(Vrn-A1c)(vrn-A1)类型分别为75%、98.4%、100%、72.7%;Ppd-D1类型同为100%;主栽品种和新育成品种中未检测出TaSus2(Hap-H)类型,TaSus2(Hap-L)类型的比例为75%;其他国内引进品种TaSus2(Hap-H)(Hap-L)的比例为分别为43.9%、27.2%,南疆主栽和部分育成品种中CW121、CW122类型的分布频率75%、75%,其他国内引进品种中CW121、CW122类型分别为48.4%、75.7%(图1)。【结论】70份材料中的全部含有1BL/1RS(sec-p3-p4)易位系及对光周期非敏感性类型。4份主栽品和新育成主栽品种中含隐性春化基因,68份材料同时携带光周期非敏感性及显性春化基因。高千粒重相关基因类型的分布率均相当高(≥75%)。

【Objective】 In order to further study the genetic characteristics of shade-tolerant wheat varieties and germplasm resources, the main cultivars in southern Xinjiang, some newly bred varieties, domestic introduced varieties, self-breeding lines, etc., were selected as 1bl/1RS, vernalization gene and photoperiod gene for molecular marker identification. The aim was to understand the genetic background of the existing materials and lay the foundation for breeding new wheat varieties suitable for "fruit-wheat intercropping" model in southern Xinjiang.【Method】 The genes of main growth and development characteristics of winter wheat under shaded conditions were identified and analyzed by molecular markers 1Bl/1RS, Vrn-A1, Ppd-D1, TaSus2, TaCwi-A1a(CW121)and TaCwi-A1b(CW122).【Result】 The results showed that of the 70 winter wheat materials identified, 1Bl/1RS(ω-sec-p1-p2)and (ω-sec-p3-p4) were 57.1% and 100%;Vrn-A1(Vrn-A1c) and(vrn-A1) were 97.1% and 74.2%;Ppd-D1 gene type was 100%;TaSus2(Hap-H) and(Hap-L) were 41.4% and 30%;CW121 and CW122(Table1) were 50% and 75.7%(see Table 1);1Bl/1RS(ω-sec-p1-p2)(ω-sec-p3-p4) types were 25%, 59%, 100%, 100%, respectively among the four main newly bred variety cultivars, some bred varieties and 66 other domestic introduced winter wheat varieties, their gen type Vrn-A1,(Vrn-A1c) and(vrn-A1)accounting for 75%, 98.4%, 100% and 72.7%, respectively;Ppd-D1was 100%;TaSus2(Hap-H)was not detected in main and newly bred varieties. The proportion of tasus2 (Hap-L) type was 75%;The percentage of other domestic introduced varieties TaSus2(Hap-H)(Hap-L)was 43.9% and 27.2%, respectively;The distribution frequency of CW121 and CW 122 type was 75% and 75% in the main and partially bred varieties in southern Xinjiang, and 48.4% and 75.7% in the other imported varieties in China (See fig. 1).【Conclusion】 All materials of 70 materials were gene type contain 1Bl/1RS (sec-p3-p4) and non- photoperiod sensitivity. The recessive vernalization gene was found in 4 main cultivars and newly bred major cultivars, and 68 materials carried photoperiod insensitive and dominant vernalization genes simultaneously. The distribution rates of gene types associated with 1,000-grain weight was fairly high(≥75%).