贵州瑶族老年人高血压流行病学研究

An Epidemiologic Study of Hypertension of Yao Aged Population

目的:探讨瑶族老年人高血压患病情况及影响因素。方法:采用统一问卷及体格检查方法对贵州省荔波县瑶族老年人群进行整群随机抽样,进行高血压流行病学调查。结果:贵州瑶族老年人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为48.28%、57.48%、18.11%、12.60%。男女高血压患病率分别为53.28%和43.97%,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。单因素分析结果显示吸烟、饮酒、食盐量、精神因素与贵州瑶族老年人发生高血压有关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果提示精神因素、年龄、摄盐量、吸烟是贵州瑶族老年人高血压的主要危险因素。结论:贵州瑶族老年人高血压患病率较高,且间断性服药和不服药、遵医行为差、血压控制不满意的情况比较严重。改善其生活习惯和用药指导,加强其高血压健康教育刻不容缓。

Objective: To investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of hypertension among the Yao aged population in Duyun. Methods: Using an unified questionnaire and physical examination, the Yao elderly population in Libo County of Guizhou Province was randomly sampled in a cluster to conduct an epide miological survey of hypertension. Results: The prevalence rate, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension among Yao elderly were 48.28%,57.48%,18.11% and 12.60% respectively.The prevalence rate of hypertension was 53.28% for men and 43.97% for women, with no significant difference( P >0.05).The results of single factor analysis showed that smoking, drinking, salt intake and mental factors were related to hypertension in Guizhou Yao elder people( P <0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that mental factors, age, salt intake and smoking were the main risk factors for hypertension among the elderly of Yao nationality in Guizhou. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of hypertension is high among the Yao people in Guizhou, and cases of intermittent medication and non - medication, poor compliance and unsatisfied blood pressure control are prevalent. It is urgent to improve their living habits and strengthen their medication guidance and hypertension health education.