从“自由意志”出发对康德“道德律”与“至善”的思考

Reflection of Kant’s "Moral Law" and "Goodness" Starting from "Free Will"

康德的意志学说充分地借鉴了卢梭的意志学说,并且表现出对卢梭的意志学说的重新理解架构。康德在“自由意志”的基础上构建了“道德律”,并将“至善”与“自由意志”相关联起来。“自由意志”本身就是存在矛盾的,且在道德法则的领域也会产生分歧。这种矛盾在“道德律”和“至善”的思想中体现出不同特征,但是,无论是何种特征都闪烁着“自由意志”的光辉与身影,也就是说自由意志贯穿了这个过程的始终。

Kant's theory of will fully draws on Rousseau's theory of will and demonstrates a reconsideration of Rousseau's theory of will. Kant built the "moral law" on the basis of "free will" and linked "goodness" with "free will"."Free will" itself is contradictory, and there are differences in the field of moral law. This contradiction reflects different characteristics in the "moral law" and "goodness" thoughts. No matter what kind of features are flashing the brilliance and figure of "free will", that is to say, free will runs through this process.