附加问句的结构类型、语义类型及其语用功能

On Structural Types,Semantic Types and Pragmatic Functions of Tag Questions

附加问句是汉语中一种比较特殊的疑问句类型,主要功能是追加询问听话人的确认或认同。基于大型语料库分析认为附加问句包括“X不X”式、“VP-neg”式、“F-VP”式、“X+语气词”式及其否定式、“怎么样(怎样)”式、叹词式及简略式等7种基本类型;其语义包括征询、允准和证实等三种类型;语用上有表达疑问、语篇连贯和人际互动等三种表达效果。

Tag question is a special type of question in Chinese, and its main function is to add an inquiry to the listener's confirmation or approval. Based on large corpus analysis, the tag questions include "X not X","VP-neg","F-VP","X+ modal" and their negation,"how", interjection and abbreviated. Its semantic meaning includes three types: consultation, permission and confirmation. Pragmatically it has three expression effects: doubt, text coherence and interpersonal interaction.