海峡两岸夫妻财产制法律适用法之比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Cross-Strait Law of the Application of Law for Marital Property Regimes

基于对夫妻财产制身份法属性的强调,海峡两岸夫妻财产制法律适用法均采属人法主义,确立了以夫妻共同属人法为基础的阶梯性冲突规则,但海峡两岸同时也承认夫妻财产制的财产法属性,并在此基础上规定了有限的意思自治原则。台湾地区立法表现出尊重不动产所在地交易秩序的政策倾向,在原则上坚持同一制的框架下亦就同一制与分割制的平衡作出了巧妙安排;相对而言,祖国大陆立法更强调法律适用简明化的立法政策,秉持了绝对同一制之立场。在夫妻财产制对善意第三人的效力方面,台湾地区立法规定了专门的交易保护条款,祖国大陆立法对此未有规定,在解释论上可暂时通过《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第2条有关最密切联系原则的兜底条款进行解决。

Based on underlining the attributes of identity law of marital property regimes, two sides of the strait law of the application of law for marital property regimes both adopt lex personalis doctrine, and establish the ladder-like conflict rules on the foundation of spouse common personal law, while both sides legislation also recognize the property law characteristics of matrimonial property system and stipulate the principle of limited autonomy. The legislation of Taiwan Region shows the policy inclination to respect the trading order of real estate. Under adhering to the framework of the unitary system in principle, Taiwan Region also makes ingenious arrangements for the balance between the unitary system and the division system. Relatively speaking, the mainland legislation emphasizes the legislative policy of simplified law application and upholds the position of absolute unitary system. In respects of the effect of the marital property system on bona fide third parties, the Taiwan Region legislation stipulates special transaction protection clauses. Although there is no provision for mainland legislation, in interpretation theory, it can be settled by the bottom clause of Article 2 of Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relations concerning the doctrine of the most significant relationship.