广东省海岛生活垃圾产量及理化特性

Output and Physico-chemical Properties of Island Living Solid Waste in Guangdong

选取广东省七个典型海岛,分析了生活垃圾产量及其变化规律,测试了生活垃圾容重、组分、含水率、灰分、热值、重金属含量等理化特性。结果表明:南澳岛、外伶仃岛、东澳岛和上下川岛生活垃圾夏秋季节产量大、冬春季节少,人均产量分别为 1. 030、1. 147、1. 093、0. 772 kg/d;万山岛、桂山岛生活垃圾春秋季节产量大、冬夏季节少,人均产量分别为 0. 726、1. 022kg/d。七个海岛生活垃圾以厨余组分含量最高,占到 32. 34%~47. 75%;其次为塑料和纸类,分别占到 12. 89%~ 20. 70%和11. 2%~19. 71%。混合垃圾容重为 157. 49 ~ 217. 27 kg/m^3 ,平均值为 182. 1 kg/m 3;含水率为 48. 26%~ 60. 22%,平均值为53. 94%;热值为 4 793 ~7 068 kJ/kg,平均值为 5 659 kJ/kg。焚烧灰分中重金属 Cu( 969 mg/kg)、Zn( 1 760 mg/kg)、Cd( 19. 7mg/kg)含量分别超出国家土壤标准限制的 1. 4、3. 4、18. 7 倍;纸灰分重金属含量都在标准限制范围内,贝壳灰分中 Hg 含量以及塑料灰分中 Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd 超出国家土壤标准限制。

The living solid waste( LSW) output and change regularity of seven typical islands in Guangdong province were analyzed,and the physic-chemical properties of LSW including component,bulk density,moisture content,ash content,calorific value and heavy metal content were tested. The results show that the LSW output of Nan’ao,Wailingding,Dong’ao and Shangxiachuan in summer and autumn is lager than that in winter and spring, and per capita outputs are 1. 030,1. 147,1. 093,0. 772 kg/d respectively. The LSW output of Wanshan and Guis- han in spring and autumn is lager than that in winter and summer,and per capita outputs are 0. 726,1. 022 kg/d respectively. The main contents of island living waste are kitchen ( 32. 34%~ 47. 75%),plastics ( 12. 89%~ 20. 70%) and paper ( 11. 2%~19. 71%). Bulk densities are between 157. 49 and 217. 27 kg/m ^3 ,and the aver- age is 182. 1 kg/m 3 . Moisture content are between 48. 26%~60. 22%,and the average is 53. 94%. The calorific values are between 4 793 ~7 068 kJ/kg,and the average is 5 659 kJ/kg. The contents of Cu ( 969 mg/kg),Zn ( 1 760 mg/kg) and Cd ( 19. 7 mg/kg) of mixed waste ash are 1. 4,3. 4,18. 7 times higher than the National Soil Standards respectively. The content of paper ash are all within the standard limits. The Hg content of shell ash and Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd of plastic ash exceed the national soil standard limit.