总分结构理论与我国民法典的编纂

The Theory of General-specific Structure and Codification of the Chinese Civil Code

总分结构体系是《德国民法典》体系的最大特点,已经转化为我国民事立法的传统。民法典制定的科学性,需要使得法典具有唯理性、抽象性和逻辑性,总分结构的民法典使得法典的价值、规则具有统合性和融贯性、概念和规则的统一性和科层性、规则设计的简洁性与民法典具有开放性和社会回应性。我国民法典应借鉴总分结构理论构建民法典科学体系、借鉴总分结构理论实现民法典分编的体系化、以《民法总则》实现民法典分则各编的引领,同时,需要努力克服总分结构所具有的缺陷。

The general-specific structure is the biggest feature of German Civil Code and it has been transformed into the tradition of Chinese civil legislation. The scientific codification of a civil code requires it to be rational, abstract and logical. The general-specific structure of a civil code enables its value and rules to be integral and coherent, its concepts and rules to be unified and hierarchical, its rule design to be simple, and itself to be open and socially responsive. The Chinese Civil Code should borrow the theory of general-specific structure to build a scientific system of the Civil Code, realize the systematization of all books of the Civil Code, and use the General Provisions of the Civil Law as a guide. Meanwhile, defects of the general-specific structure should be strived to overcome.