农村冠心病患者自我管理健康教育模式的应用

Application of self-management health education mode for patients with coronary heart disease in countryside

目的针对农村冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)出院患者设计健康教育模式并验证其实践效果,为患者自我管理提供依据。方法通过改变健康教育方法重新设计针对农村冠心病患者的自我管理健康教育模式,选取2016年7月至2017年3月于太和县人民医院心血管内科治疗并诊断为冠心病的农村出院患者97例为实验组,采用重新设计的自我管理健康教育模式,另选取101例患者,采用常规健康教育模式,比较两组患者在健康知识掌握和自我管理行为的评分及自我管理的达标人数。结果健康知识掌握评分在出院3、6、12个月时,实验组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),自我管理行为评分及自我管理达标人数在患者出院6个月、12个月时,实验组均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)结论针对农村冠心病出院患者设计的自我管理健康教育,可提高健康知识掌握和自我管理行为评分及自我管理能力,效果良好。

Objective To design a health education mode for discharged patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in countryside, and identify its practical effect to provide evidence for patients’ self-management.Methods The self-management health education mode was redesigned for CHD patients in countryside through changing health education methods. CHD patients(n=97) in countryside discharged from hospital were chosen into test group from July 2016 to Mar. 2017, and self-management health education mode was redesigned for them. Other CHD patients(n=101) were chosen and routine health education mode was applied for them in the same period. The scores of health knowledge and self-management behaviors, and compliance number of selfmanagement patients were compared between 2 groups. Results The scores of health knowledge were higher in test group than those in control group after discharged for 3 months, 6 months and 12 months(P<0.05). The scores of self-management behaviors, and compliance number of self-management patients were superior in test group to those in control group after discharged for 6 months and 12 months(P<0.05). Conclusion The self-management health education mode design especially for discharged CHD patients in countryside can improve scores of health knowledge and self-management behaviors, and self-management ability with higher effectiveness.