河南某高校教职工高血压发生率及影响因素研究

A study on incidence and influencing factors of hypertension in teaching staff in a university of Henan Province

目的调查分析高校教职工这一特殊人群高血压发病情况及相关影响因素,为高校高血压综合防治提供依据。方法回顾分析2017年5月15日至2018年1月18日期间河南省某高校参加体检的教职工中高血压的患病情况,并按血糖、体质指数、性别及年龄进行亚组分析。结果共纳入4717名职工,高血压发生率为31.40%(95%CI:30.07%~32.72%),且大多数高血压人群都处于1级高血压水平22.79%(95%CI:21.59%~23.99%),卡方检验分析结果显示男性高血压发生率为39.45%(95%CI:37.53%~41.36%),女性高血压发生率为22.30%(95%CI:20.57%~24.04%);不同年龄段高血压发生率分别为,年龄≥40岁15.06%(95%CI:13.27%~16.84%),年龄40~60岁34.24%(95%CI:32.09%~36.38%)及>60岁46.69%(95%CI:43.97%~49.40%);不同体质指数的高血压发生率分别是≤18.5 kg/m2为13.56%(95%CI:7.38%~19.74%),体质指数18.5~25 kg/m2为24.02%(95%CI:22.45%~25.59%),体质指数≤30 kg/m2为42.57%(95%CI:40.12%~45.03%),超重人群>30 kg/m2为58.25%(95%CI:51.52%~64.99%);血糖正常人群高血压发生率为27.94%(95%CI:26.56%~29.31%),高血糖人群为54.18%(95%CI:50.26%~58.10%)。因此,性别、年龄、体质指数和血糖均能显著增加高血压发生率(P<0.001)。结论河南省某高校教职工高血压患病率较高,男性、高龄、超重/肥胖及高血糖为影响血压水平的主要因素,具有上述因素的人群为高血压防治的重点人群。

Objective To survey and analyze the incidence and influencing factors of hypertension in university teaching staff, a special population, and to provide evidence for hypertension prevention and treatment in universities and colleges. Methods The prevalence of hypertension was retrospectively analyzed in teaching staff in a university of Henan Province from May 15, 2017 to Jan. 18, 2018, and then a subgroup analysis was conducted according to blood sugar, body mass index(BMI), sex and age. Results There were totally 4717 teachers included.The incidence of hypertension was 31.40%(95%CI: 30.07%~32.72%), and the hypertensive level was at grade1 in most of hypertensive patients 22.79%(95%CI:21.59%~23.99%). The results of Chi-square test analysis showed that the incidence of hypertension was 39.45%(95%CI: 37.53%~41.36%) in the male and 22.30%(95%CI:20.57%~24.04%) in the female. The incidence of hypertension was 15.06%(95%CI: 13.27%~16.84%) in patients aged≥40, 34.24%(95%CI: 32.09%~36.38%) in those aged from 40 to 60, and 46.69%(95%CI: 43.97%~49.40%)in those aged>60. The incidence of hypertension was 13.56%(95%CI: 7.38%~19.74%) in patients with BMI≤18.5 kg/m2, 24.02%(95%CI: 22.45%~25.59%) in those with BMI=18.5 kg/m2~25 kg/m2, 42.57%(95%CI:40.12%~45.03%) in those with BMI≤30 kg/m2, and 58.25%(95%CI: 51.52%~64.99%) in those with BMI>30 kg/m2. The incidence of hypertension was 27.94%(95%CI: 26.56%~29.31%) in patients with normal blood sugar,and 54.18%(95%CI: 50.26%~58.10%) in patients with high blood sugar. Therefore, sex, age, BMI and blood sugar all increased the prevalence of hypertension(P<0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is higher in a university of Henan Province. The major influencing factors on blood pressure level include male, advanced age,overweight/obese and higher blood sugar. The population influenced by above factors should be the key population in hypertension prevention and treatment.