职业技术学校学生食品安全认知及行为调查分析

Survey of Food Safety Knowledge and Eating Behavior among 738 Vocational and Technical Schools

目的:了解职业技术学校学生食品安全认知现状,为制定健康教育方案提供依据。方法:以班级为单位随机整群抽取山西省2所职业技术学校共738名在校学生进行自行设计的《食品安全KAP调查问卷》调查。结果:调查对象的食品安全知识平均得分为(6.40±1.86)分,在食品添加剂种类和食物存放知识方面女生高于男生(P<0.05)。食品安全知识得分中女生和母亲为高中及以上学历的学生较高(P<0.05)。食品安全态度得分中城镇和母亲为高中及以上学历的学生得分较高(P<0.05)。在知识获得途径中有423(57.31%)名学生希望通过手机、电脑等形式获得知识,294(39.84%)名学生希望通过课堂学习讲座获得知识。在食品的选购中456(61.79%)名学生会看生产日期和保质期,仅有146(19.78%)名学生看食品标签。423(57.31%)名学生基本能够每日吃早餐,50.00%以上的学生甜点和膨化食品的摄入超过每周1次。结论:调查对象食品安全知识欠缺,食品安全态度较好,但存在不良饮食行为,有必要进行食品安全健康教育,改变学生不良饮食行为,促进健康。

Objective:To understand the current situation of food safety for students in vocational and technical schools and to improve the basis for the next step in developing health education programs. Methods: A questionnaire survey of food safety knowledge was conducted among 738 vocational and technical schools students selected by cluster random sampling in class in Shanxi. Results: The average score of food safety knowledge was (6.40±1.86). The scores of girls were higher than the scores of boys in food additive types and food storage knowledge,and the difference was significant ( P <0.05). The scores of girl or students’ mothers with high school education or above had higher knowledge scores ( P <0.05).The scores of students in urban and their mothers with high school education in the food safety attitude were higher ( P <0.05). 423(57.31%) students hoped to acquire knowledge through mobile phones or computers,and 294(39.84%) students hoped to get through classroom lectures. 456(61.79%) students looked at the date of production and shelf life,and only 146(19.78%) students looked at food labels. 423(57.31%) students were able to eat breakfast daily,and more than 50.00% of students consumed dessert and puffed foods more than once a week. Conclusion: The respondents lack food safety knowledge while their attitude of food safety is good. There are still some bad dietary behaviors. It is necessary to carry out food safety education to change students’ bad eating behaviors and promote health.