违反共同注意义务属共同犯罪之研究

A Study of Violation of Obligation of Joint Attention as a Joint Crime

共同犯罪是刑法理论的重要部分,共同犯罪的本质是因果性和整体性。共同的过失犯罪按照是否存在共同注意义务可以分为违反共同注意义务犯罪和过失犯罪的同时犯,前者符合共同犯罪的本质,应当以共同犯罪的原则认定。共同注意义务来源于法律规定、先行行为等四个方面,法律地位平等的行为人在可以预见危害结果的前提下违反了共同注意义务应当按照“部分承担全部责任”的原则进行责任认定。

Joint crime is an important part of criminal law theory. The essence of joint crime is causality and integrity. The common negligent crime can be divided into the simultaneous crime of violating the common duty of care and the negligent crime according to whether there exists the common duty of care. The former conforms to the essence of the joint crime and should be determined by the principle of joint crime. Joint duty of care originates from four aspects, such as legal provisions and prior acts. Actors with equal legal status who violate the joint duty of care under the premise of foreseeable harmful results should be identified according to the principle of "partial and full responsibility".