旅游业驱动的云南交通运输业时空响应特征及影响因子研究

The Spatiotemporal Response Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Transportation Industry Driven by Tourism in Yunnan Province

交通运输业是旅游业发展的基础支撑与先决条件。基于2002~2017年云南省旅游与客运统计数据,引入“旅游交通响应系数”,采用标准差、变异系数、静态不平衡差、离差等指标,获取2002~2017年云南省旅游交通响应系数的时空分异特征,并对影响因素进行研究。研究表明:2002~2017年云南省交通运输客运量与旅游业各年度旅游接待人数的增长率呈波动增长态势,且交通运输客运量在各年度的增长率均小于旅游接待人数增长率,致使交通运输对旅游业发展的响应为低响应(0<R<1);云南省旅游交通响应系数总体呈增长趋势,但区域差异显著,响应强度呈“两端极化”态势;旅游交通响应强度受区域经济发展水平、交通固定资产投资、交通基础设施建设、旅游资源空间结构演变4个主要因素的影响显著。

The transportation industry is the basic support and prerequisite for the development of tourism. Based on the statistical data of tourism and passenger transportation in Yunnan Province from 2002 to 2017, the “tourism response coefficient” was introduced, and the standard deviation, coefficient of variation, static imbalance, and dispersion were used to obtain the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of the tourism traffic response coefficient in Yunnan Province from 2002 to 2017. The influencing factors were studied. The research shows that:①From 2002 to 2017, the growth rate of passenger traffic in Yunnan Province and the number of tourist reception fluctuated, and the growth rate of passenger traffic in each year was lower than the growth rate of tourist reception. The response of transportation to the tourism development was low.(0<R<1);② The overall response coefficient of tourism traffic in Yunnan Province was increasing, but the regional difference was significant. The response intensity is “polarized at both ends”.③ The intensity of tourism traffic response was significantly affected by four major factors: the level ofregional economic development, the investment on transportation fixed assets, the construction of transportation infrastructure, and the evolution of tourism resource spatial structure.