成人实践理性与成物实践理性略论

A Discussion on Two Kinds of Practical Reasons

西方哲学史中存在着成人(道德)和成物(技术)两种实践论传统。作为理性在实践领域的体现,实践理性的内涵表现为正当性、向善性和有效性三个原则。依此标准,发现两种实践理性关注域存在不同偏执。在辨析各自存在动机性理由(强内在主义)或规范性理由(强外在主义)偏重基础上,为广义视域的实践理性应持内在主义和外在主义共融观点提供辩护,分析成人成物实践理性走向统一的必然性:终结形而上学自足性存在观,转向生存论视域下的中介性存在观,强调实践理性的历史性、情境性、具体性和交互生成性。

There are the practical philosophy of ethics and the practical philosophy of technology in the history of western philosophy. What practical reason focuses on is embodied in the principles of rightness,goodness and effectiveness. We can recognize there are different one-sidednesses on reason cognition in the two practical philosophies according to the above standards. On the basis of discriminating their respective emphases between motivating reason and normative reason,it is manifested that the practical philosophy in broad sense must hold an integrated practical reason comprised of internalism and externalism,and the inevitability of two practical reasons' consistency can be revealed: appearing the turn from existentialism of metaphysics to intermediary doctrine,emphasizing the history,contextual,concrete and interactively generating features of practical reason.