食品安全犯罪的立法完善——以过失危险犯为分析视角

Legislative Perfection of Food Safety Crime——An Analysis from the Perspective of Negligent Crime

进入风险社会以来,食品安全犯罪侵害的主要法益已经从经济秩序转变为公共安全。2011年《刑法修正案(八)》虽然作出了一定修正,但食品安全犯罪立法仍然存有缺陷,主要问题在于主观罪过范围过窄,仅囊括故意犯罪。其解决方式是扩大主观罪过的范围,使之包含故意和过失两种情况。除此之外,还需实现食品安全犯罪中过失犯与危险犯的结合,及通过增设过失危险犯使过失与食品安全犯罪的标准犯罪构成相契合,以满足风险刑法对法益保护前置化的需求,进一步实现严密舒缓的法网构建。

With the advent of the risk society,the main legal benefits infringed by food safety crimes have shifted from economic order to public safety.Even with the amendments in the 2011 Criminal Law Amendment (Ⅷ),there are still defects in this domain.The major problem is that the scope of subjective crimes is too narrow,with only intentional crimes included.Thus the solution is to expand the scope of subjective crime and include both intentional and negligent cases.In addition to this,it is necessary to include negligent and dangerous criminals in food safety crimes and to increase the risk of negligence and misconduct.The standard of such offences are combined to meet the needs of risk criminal law for the pre-processing of legal protection,and further realize the rigorous and slow construction of the legal network.