孟鲁司特治疗小儿咳嗽变异型哮喘的效果观察

Effect of Montelukast on children with cough variant asthma

目的探讨孟鲁司特治疗小儿咳嗽变异型哮喘的临床效果。方法选取2016年2月~2017年2月我院收治的86例咳嗽变异型哮喘患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(43例)与对照组(43例)。对照组采用常规吸入布地奈德气雾剂治疗,观察组在此基础上采用孟鲁司特治疗。比较两组的临床治疗效果、肺功能指标水平、咳嗽缓解时间、咳嗽消失时间、日哮喘发作次数、夜哮喘发作次数、短效支气管扩张剂使用次数、不良反应及复发情况。结果观察组的治疗总有效率为95.35%,显著高于对照组的79.07%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组日、夜哮喘发作次数分别为(4.42±0.98)次/个月、(3.38±1.25)次/个月,短效支气管扩张剂使用次数为(2.45±1.20)d/月,显著少于对照组的(5.76±1.24)次/月、(4.17±0.96)次/月、(4.18±1.23)d/月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)为(3.04±0.40)L、用力肺活量(FVC)为(3.89±0.56)L、FEV1/FVC为(75.93±6.14)%,显著高于对照组的(2.81±0.32)L、(3.34±0.41)L、(68.76±5.34)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的咳嗽缓解时间为(4.01±1.24)d、咳嗽消失时间为(6.59±1.62)d均显著短于对照组的(5.87±1.36)d、(7.94±1.58)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的6个月后疾病复发率为9.30%,显著低于对照组的30.23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用孟鲁司特治疗小儿咳嗽变异型哮喘,能有效改善患儿的临床症状,促进肺功能正常运行,缩短患者治疗时间,降低疾病的复发率。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Montelukast in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma.Methods A total of 86 children with cough variant asthma admitted to our hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled in the observation group (43 cases) and the control group (43 cases) according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with conventional inhaled Budesonide Aerosol,and the observation group was treated with Montelukast.The clinical treatment effect,lung function index level,cough remission time,cough disappearance time,daily asthma attack number,night asthma attack frequency,short-acting bronchodilator use times,adverse reactions and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.35%,which was significantly higher than 79.07% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After treatment,the number of asthma attacks on the day and night of the observation group were (4.42±0.98) times/month,(3.38±1.25) times/month,and the number of short-acting bronchodilators used was (2.45±1.20) d/month,significantly less than (5.76±1.24) times/month,(4.17±0.96) times/month,(4.18±1.23) d/month in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The forced expiratory volume (FEV1) of the observation group was (3.04±0.40)L,the forced vital capacity (FVC) was (3.89±0.56)L,and the FEV1/FVC was (75.93±6.14)%,which were significantly higher than (2.81±0.32) L,(3.34±0.41) L,(68.76±5.34)% in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The cough relief time of the observation group was (4.01±1.24) d,and the cough disappearance time was (6.59±1.62) d,which were significantly shorter than (5.87±1.36) d,(7.94±1.58) d in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The disease recurrence rate of the observation group was 9.30% after 6 months,which was significantly lower than that of the control group (30.23%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion The use of Montelukast in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children,promote the normal operation of lung function,shorten the treatment time of patients,and reduce the recurrence rate of the disease.