试论推进具有首都特点的乡村振兴战略

Promoting Rural Revitalization with Capital Features

推进具有首都特点的乡村振兴是新时代首都“三农”工作的根本要求。北京市作为国家首都和超大城市,具备首善之区的政治优势、超大城市带动优势、先发地区的经济优势和城乡人口的比例优势。当前,北京农村改革发展在城乡之间、乡村内部之间以及与其他地区发展之间存在较明显的差距。北京农村改革发展相对滞后的主要原因是“五重五轻”,一是重战术用力、轻战略谋划,二是重物质投入、轻改革创新,三是重试点安排、轻制度建设,四是重政府主导、轻农民主体,五是重政策制定、轻立法保障。今后,应紧紧抓住首都城市战略定位、超大城市发展规模、疏解非首都功能、村庄形态分化、首善之区标准等特点,实现北京的乡村振兴。

Promoting the rural revitalization in Beijing areas is the fundamental requirement for the development of “agriculture, rural area and farmer” in the new era. As a capital and a super metropolis, Beijing's implementation of the rural revitalization strategy has the political advantage of the capital, the advance advantage of the super-metropolis, the economic advantage of the first-development regions, and the proportional advantage of the urban and rural population. At present, Beijing's rural reform and development has a clear gap between the urban area and rural area, among every rural area in Beijing, and rural areas in Beijing and other provinces. The main reasons for the lag in the rural reform and development in Beijing are summarized as “ Five Attention and Five Negligence”: firstly, paying more attention to reform method, and neglecting strategic planning;secondly, paying more attention to material investment, and neglecting reform and innovation;thirdly, paying more attention to experimental project, and neglecting system construction;fourthly, being dominated by the government to neglect the peasants’ activation;fifthly, paying more attention to the policy formulation, and neglecting legislation guarantee. This paper proposes to closely grasp the characteristics of the capital strategic positioning, to focus on the development scale of super metropolis, to disintegrate the non-capital functions, to differentiate the village forms, and to use effectively the capital advantage, finally to plan the rural revitalization of the capital Beijing.