喀斯特峰丛节齿藓类生态分布及其环境因子影响研究

Study on ecological distribution of Arthrodontae mosses and their environmental factors in karst peak-cluster area

为探寻喀斯特峰丛节齿藓类(Arthrodontae mosses)的生态分布规律及环境因子的影响,选择贵阳市思雅河3座典型喀斯特峰丛为研究对象,利用藓类综合优势比、Sorenson相似性指数及RDA对节齿藓类的生态分布及环境因子影响进行分析。结果表明:3座喀斯特峰丛上共发现节齿藓类植物11科、26属、74种,其中顶蒴单齿藓26种,顶蒴双齿藓21种,侧蒴双齿藓27种。Ⅰ号峰丛以侧蒴双齿藓为主,综合优势比为100%,Ⅱ号、Ⅲ号峰丛则以顶蒴单齿藓为主,综合优势比分别为81.80%、69.75%。节齿藓类在喀斯特峰丛上的分布在坡底以侧蒴双齿藓为主,其综合优势比为97.06%,坡中、坡顶以顶蒴单齿藓为主,其综合优势比分别为86.23%、90.76%。坡中和坡顶的顶蒴单齿藓物种相似性指数最高,为27.91%;坡中和坡顶的侧蒴双齿藓物种相似性指数最低,为11.63%。光照强度和环境温度是影响顶蒴单齿藓类分布的主要因子,侧蒴双齿藓类的分布则主要受到相对湿度的强烈影响;而顶蒴双齿藓类的分布主要受海拔影响。

In order to explore the ecological distribution of Arthrodontae mosses in karst peak-cluster area and their environmental influencing factors,three typical karst peak-clusters with different vegetation coverage in Siya river basin of Guiyang were selected for the research,where each peak-cluster was divided into lower slope,middle slope and upper slope according to relative height difference.The mosses were collected by the S-shape sampling method,and they were classified by the peristome teeth types of mosses.The Summed Dominance Ratio(SDR),Sorenson similarity index and RDA were used to analyse the ecological distribution on Arthrodontae and the effect of environmental factors.The results show that 74 species from 26 genera in 11 families were identified in the three karst peak-clusters,including 26 species of acrocarpi-haplolepideae mosses (SDR:97.73%),21 species of acrocarpi-diplolepideae mosses (SDR:53.35%) and 27 species of pleurocarpi-diplolepideae mosses (SDR:93.01%).The No.1 peak-cluster is dominated by the pleurocarpi-diplolepideae mosses with their SDR value of 100%,while the No.2 and No.3 peak-clusters are dominated by acrocarpi-haplolepideae mosses,and their SDR are 81.80% and 69.75%,respectively.The pleurocarpi-diplolepideae mosses mainly distribute at the bottom of the karst peak-cluster,with SDR of 97.06%,and the middle and top of the peak-cluster is dominated by theacrocarpi-haplolepideae mosses,with SDR of 86.23% and 90.76%,respectively.Furthermore,Sorenson similarity analysis shows that the similarity coefficient of the species of the acrocarpi-haplolepideae mosses is the highest in the middle and top of the peak-cluster,of which the Sorenson similarity is 27.91%;and that of pleurocarpi-diplolepideae mosses in the middle and top of the peak-cluster is the lowest,which is 11.63%.The RDA analysis shows that the distribution of the acrocarpi-haplolepideae mosses is mainly influenced by light intensity and environmental temperature.The extension of the pleurocarpi-diplolepideae mosses is mainly influenced by the relative humidity;while the distribution of the acrocarpi-diplolepideae mosses is mainly affected by the altitude.