北京城市绿地土壤水分入渗性能研究

Study on Soil Water Infiltration in Different Urban Green Space in Beijing

采用Guelph渗透仪注水法研究了北京市不同类型绿地的土壤水分入渗特征及其与质地、容重和孔隙度等土壤物理性质之间的关系。结果表明,北京市不同类型绿地土壤入渗速率差异较大,以文教区和居民生活区为最好,其后依次为公园、商业区、道路交通区。北京市绿地土壤质地以黏质土壤为主;相关性分析表明城市绿地土壤黏粒越少,土壤稳定渗透速率越快。北京城市绿地土壤由于受人为活动的影响,土壤物理性质发生了显著变化,表现为土壤容重增大,通气孔隙度降低,压实现象普遍。研究结果为北京城市绿地的规划设计和海绵城市建设提供科学依据。

To investigate the characteristics of soil water infiltration in urban green space of Beijing and its relationship with soil physical properties, including particle size distribution, bulk density, the total porosity and aeration porosity of soil, the Guelph permeameter method was applied to different functional urban green areas of Beijing. There were significant differences in infiltration rates among soil samples of different functional zones: culture and education zone > residential zone > park zone > commercial zone > traffic zone. The surface soils were dominated by clay. The correlation analysis showed that there was strongest negative correlation between the clay particles and infiltration velocity of the soil of urban green space. Relative to the soil samples of green space in Beijing, these soils exhibited varying degrees of higher bulk density, lower porosity, reduced infiltration rate and compaction due to human activities. Results from this study would provide critical facts for designing urban green space and constructing sponge city in Beijing.