老年高血压合并睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与认知障碍的相关性研究

Correlation study on cognitive dysfunction in the elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome complicated with hypertension

目的观察和分析睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)对老年高血压合并睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者认知功能的影响。方法纳入老年高血压患者120例,根据多导睡眠监测结果分为两组,合并OSAS为观察组,未合并OSAS为对照组,进行蒙特利尔认知评估量表评分,评估患者认知损害情况。结果合并OSAS组男性人数、BMI、颈围大于对照组,且认知障碍发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度OSAS患者认知障碍发生率更高(P<0.05)。两组MoCA总分差异明显(P<0.05)。两组在视空间与执行、命名力、记忆力、注意力、语言能力、抽象力、定向力7个认知域的评分差异均明显(P<0.05)。结论 OSAS可以加重老年高血压患者的认知功能障碍。

Objective To observe and analyze the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) on the cognitive function in the elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome complicated with hypertension. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with hypertension were enrolled according to the results of polysomnography,patient were divided into two groups:hypertension with OSAS as study group and hypertension without OSAS as control group.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale was used to assess cognitive function. Results The number of males,BMI,neck circumference in the OSAS group was higher than that in the control group,and the incidence of cognitive impairment was observed to be higher than the control group ( P < 0.05).Patients with severe OSAS have a higher incidence of cognitive impairment ( P < 0.05).The difference of MoCA scores between OSAS and control group was statistically significant ( P < 0.05).There was significant difference between the two groups in seven cognitive domains which were the visual space and execution depending on named ability,language ability,abstract ability,delayed memory ability and directional power ability ( P < 0.05). Conclusion OSAS exacerbates cognitive impairment of elderly patients with hypertension.