不同预处理方法对烟杆酶解产糖和结构特征的影响

Effect of different pretreatment methods to the enzymatic hydrolysis and structural characteristic of tobacco stalks

以烟草加工副产物烟杆为原料,将酸处理、碱处理和微波处理对烟杆酶解产糖的影响进行比较,并分析处理前后烟杆组分和微观结构的变化.结果表明,3种预处理方法中,碱处理对烟杆转化效率提升的作用较为显著,以质量分数为1%的NaOH溶液于75℃处理烟杆120min,每g烟杆酶解液中葡萄糖质量为334.69mg,较对照样品提高了118.37%.组分分析表明,碱处理对烟杆木质素的降解较为明显,降解率为46.45%.碱处理不仅破坏了烟杆木质素苯环骨架,还对苯环侧链基团进行了改性,造成木质素大分子结构解体,烟杆酶解抗性屏障作用降低,从而提高了烟杆的转化效率.碱处理并未改变烟杆纤维素结晶度,而微波处理和酸处理导致的结晶度升高反而会对提升烟杆酶解效率产生负面影响.

The effects of acid treatment, alkali treatment and microwave treatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of tobacco stalks were studied by using tobacco processing by-product tobacco rods as raw materials, and the changes of composition and microstructure of tobacco stalks before and after treatment were analyzed. The results showed that the alkali treatment had a significant effect on the conversion efficiency of tobacco stalks in the three pretreatment methods. The tobacco stalks were treated with a mass fraction of 1% NaOH solution at 75 °C for 120 min, and the glucose content in the hydrolysate was 334.69 mg/g tobacco stalks increased by 118.37% compared to the control sample. The composition analysis showed that the degradation of tobacco lignin by alkali treatment was more obvious, and the degradation rate was 46.45%. Alkali treatment not only destroyed the tobacco lignin benzene ring skeleton, but also modified the benzene ring side chain group, resulting in the disintegration of the lignin macromolecular structure, and the tobacco stalks enzymatic resistance barrier function was reduced, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of tobacco stalks. Alkali treatment did not change the crystallinity of tobacco stalks cellulose, and the increase in crystallinity caused by microwave and acid treatment would adversely affected the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of tobacco stalks.