渍水对小麦生长的影响及耐渍栽培技术研究进展

Research Progress of Effects of Waterlogging on Wheat Growth and Cultivation Technique for Waterlogging Resistance

渍水是稻麦轮作区影响小麦生产的重要灾害,它影响小麦的生长发育,抑制其生理生化代谢和物质转运,进而降低产量和品质.为了给稻麦轮作区小麦的耐渍栽培提供参考信息,本文对近年来国内外学者在小麦耐渍性方面的相关研究进行了回顾和综述.国内外学者的研究结果一致表明,选育耐渍品种、合理施肥和喷施外源调节物质、渍水锻炼等是提高小麦耐渍性的主要技术措施.建议在今后的小麦渍水研究中应综合考虑环境因素的叠加影响,并应充分运用分子技术手段辅助传统育种,以加快耐渍小麦品种的选育.

Waterlogging stress is a major climatic disaster for wheat production in rice-wheat rotation system.Studies showed that waterlogging affected the growth and development of wheat,inhibited the physiological and biochemical metabolism and matter translocation,and thereby reduced the production and quality.In order to provide reference information for the waterlogging resistance cultivation of wheat in rice-wheat rotation area,we reviewed the research on waterlogging resistance and cultivation technique of wheat reported by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years.There is general agreement that the screening of waterlogging tolerance varieties,reasonable fertilization,spraying exogenous regulating substance and waterlogging training are the main cultivation methods to improve the waterlogging tolerance of wheat.It is suggested that the future research should focus on the combined influence of different environment conditions on waterlogging resistance of wheat,and furthermore breeders should make full use of molecular technology to assist traditional breeding to accelerate the breeding process of waterlogging-tolerant wheat varieties.