燕麦不同磷效率品种苗期对不同磷源的利用研究

Study on P Utilization from Different Phosphorus between Two Oat(Avena sativa L.) Varieties at Seedling Stage

为了探究燕麦不同磷效率品种对有机磷的利用能力,选取磷高效品种燕科1号和磷低效品种MARION为供试材料,在土培盆栽条件下,设置植酸态磷(OP)、无机磷(KP)和不施磷(CK)三个磷处理,研究苗期不同磷处理对燕麦不同磷效率品种生物量、磷累积量、根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性和土壤有效磷含量的影响.结果表明:(1)OP处理下,燕科1号和MARION的生物量较KP处理显著提高,分别提高70.4%、9.4%;燕科1号的根冠比显著低于MARION.(2)与CK比较,OP处理可显著提高燕麦地上部、全株磷含量,但比KP处理磷含量低;在OP处理下,燕科1号地上部磷含量比MARION提高15.1%,全株磷含量比MARION降低8.6%.(3)与CK比较,OP处理可以提高燕麦根际土壤有效磷含量,但显著低于KP处理;相同处理下,燕科1号根际土壤有效磷含量均低于MARION.(4)两个燕麦品种在不同磷处理下,燕麦根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性变化不同,燕科1号根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性在KP和OP处理比CK分别提高35.2%、26.5%,差异均达到显著水平;MARION在KP和OP处理比CK分别降低4.4%、14.1%,OP与CK之间差异显著.磷高效品种燕科1号利用植酸态有机磷能力高于磷低效品种MARION.

Oat cultivars Yanke 1(higher P efficiency) and MARION(lower P efficiency) were selected as materials to explore their difference in utilization of different phosphorus.Biomass and phosphorus content of oat,available phosphorus and acid phosphatase activity in rhizosphere soil were determined in a pot experiment with different P sources(acid phosphatase,OP;KH 2PO 4,KP;CK).The results showed that the OP treatment could significantly increase dry matter of Yanke 1 and MARION by 70.4% and 9.4%,respectively,compared with KP treatment.The root-to-shoot ratio of Yanke 1 was significantly lower than that of MARION.The phosphorus contents in whole plant and above-ground of oat under OP treatment were significantly higher than those under CK treatment,but lower than those under KP treatment.Under OP treatment,the phosphorus content in above-ground of Yanke 1 was increased by 15.1%.However,the phosphorus content in whole plant of Yanke 1 was decreased by 8.6% compared with that of MARION.The available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil under OP treatment was higher compared with that under CK treatment,but significantly lower than that under KP treatment.The available phosphorus in Yanke 1 rhizosphere soil was lower than that in MARION.The change in acid phosphatase activity in rhizosphere soil under different treatments,between the two varieties was different.Compared to CK treatment,KP and OP treatments significantly increased the acid phosphatase activity in Yanke 1 rhizosphere soil by 35.2% and 26.5%,respectively.The acid phosphatase activity in MARION rhizosphere soil under KP and OP treatments was respectively decreased by 4.4% and 14.1% compared with that under CK treatment,and there was obvious difference between OP and CK treatments.The utilization from phytate-phosphorus of Yanke 1 was higher than that of cultivar MARION.