陕北山地苹果产业发展的问题与新思路

Problems and New Ideas in the Development of Apple Industry in Northern Shaanxi

山地苹果产业已成为陕北山区农民增收和加快农村经济发展最具优势的区域特色产业。陕北得天独厚的自然条件优势与政府强有力的扶持,形成了山地苹果发展的良好势头。但实际发展还存在区域劣势明显、农民种植积极性不高、技术支撑不力、规模化经营水平较低等问题。如何有针对性地解决问题,使苹果产业健康发展已成为各级政府面临的现实问题。志丹县九月红果业农民合作社的订单农业、依托科技搞标准化种植、为果农担保贷款的操作模式,是一个更高层次、更有效的社会经济组织方式,值得推广借鉴。建议在山地苹果产业发展中采取措施,制定发展规划、鼓励农民发展果业、强化跟踪指导服务、构建农民专业合作社金融支持体系。

Mountain apple production has become the industry of most advantageous regional characteristic for farmers in northern Shaanxi to increase income and accelerate rural economic development. The natural conditions and the strong support from the government have formed a good trend for mountain apple development in northern Shaanxi. However, the actual development has fallen into a "dilemma" with obvious regional disadvantages, such as low enthusiasm for planting, poor technical support and low level of large-scale operation. It is a realistic problem on how to manage the mountain apple industry effectively. The Jiuyuehong cooperative model characterized with order-oriented agriculture, standardized cultivation and loan guaranteed loan for farmers has set a good example linking all the stages of industrial development. This model would be an efficient and higher level organization. Measures for mountain apple development were suggested: drawing up development plan, motivating farmers in fruit industry, strengthening the follow-up services and providing financial support system for farmer's cooperative.