清末民初白话报刊“不A不B”构式研究

A Study on the Construction of Vernacular Newspapers “不A不B” in Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

清末民初白话报刊具有重要的汉语史研究价值,运用构式语法的理论对“不A不B”构式从语法、语义、语用角度进行研究。语法方面:A、B以单音节的语素或词为主,构式主要作谓语,还可以作状语、定语;语义方面:A、B以同义或近义关系为主,构式表达完全否定、部分否定及假设关系类型;语用方面:用于口语,感情色彩以贬义或中性为主。

The vernacular newspapers in late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China has important research value of Chinese history. The theory of constructional grammar takes “不A 不B” as an example and studies it from the perspectives of grammar, semantics and pragmatics. In grammar, A and B are mainly monosyllabic morphemes or words. The construction is mainly used as predicate. It can also be used as adverbial and attributive. In semantics, A and B are mainly synonymous or near synonymous. The construction mainly expresses completely negation, partial negation and hypothetical relationship. In pragmatics, it is used in spoken language and has derogatory or neutral meanings.