明治大帝像的三个侧面及其阴影

Three Sides and Shadows of Emperor Meiji

从锁国体制下的前近代德川政权跨越到对外侵略的近代日本帝国,明治二字既代表着转机,也象征着某种异化。当时在位的明治天皇,其“大帝”形象同样兼具相互矛盾的二重性。他既是封建王权视野中“万世一系的现人神”,亦是作为近代化伪装下的“文明开化的引导者”;在帝国宪法颁布之际,天皇甚至化身立宪君主,成为“超脱政治的施政者”。解构作为“大帝”之明治天皇的复杂形象,不仅是对明治天皇个人的研究,亦是对明治日本国家性格乃至国家道路选择的一种解读。

From the pre-modern Tokugawa regime under the sakoku system to the modern Japanese empire invaded by foreign countries, the word Meiji represents a turning point. It also symbolizes alienation. At that time, the Emperor Meiji was in power, and his “Great” image also had a contradictory duality. He was not only the “present God of the eternal system” in the vision of feudal royalty, but also the guide of “civilization and civilization” under the disguise of modernization. When the imperial constitution was promulgated, the emperor even incarnated into a constitutional monarch and became a deconstructor of “political detachment”. The complex image of the Emperor Meiji is not only a study of Meiji himself, but also an interpretation of Meiji Japan's national character and even the choice of national road.