空间距离聚类视角下平原农区空心化微观机理研究——以河南5地市村庄为例

Study on Microscopic Mechanism of Hollowing in Agricultural Areas from the Perspective of Spatial Distance Clustering: A Case Study of Villages in Five Cities of Henan Province

以河南省5地市村庄为例,借助空间分析及数理统计技术,量化测算村庄空废宅基地与其他村庄要素空间距离;基于因子分析和聚类,探索了平原农区农村空心化模式及微观机理.研究发现,河南省平原农区农村空废宅基地至田地、主干道、村庄道路、使用中宅基地的平均距离分别是84、25、134、19m,存在交通导向型、生产导向型、混合型三种村庄空心化模式,是经济因素、区位条件、规划管理及农村居民居住理念等因素共同作用的结果.最后从培育农村新业态、发展城乡大农业、创新体制机制及政策体系视角提出发展对策,促进村域资源利用,助推乡村振兴.

Using spatial analysis and mathematical statistics techniques to quantify the spatial distance between the village empty residential land and other villages,and based on factor analysis and clustering,the rural hollowing-out mode of plain agricultural areas and Microscopic mechanism are explored.The results show that the average distance from the rural empty residential land in the plain agricultaral areas of Henan Province to the fields,main roads,village roads and medium-sized residential bases are 84 m,25 m,134 m and 19 m,respectively.There are three types of village hollowing mode of traffic-oriented,production-oriented and hybrid,which are the result of the combination of economic factors,location conditions,planning management and rural residents’ living concepts.Finally,the countermeasures were proposed from cultivating new rural formats,developing urban and rural large-scale agriculture and innovative institutional mechanisms and policy systems,to promote the utilization of village resources and boost rural revitalization.