存世女真文性质再探

Reconsidering the Nature of the Surviving Jurchen Script

史载金朝曾创制并使用过女真大字和小字,大字为完颜希尹所制,小字为金熙宗所制。女真文为表意大字和表音小字的混合系统,在使用过程中,记录词干的女真大字多被表音小字替换,表意大字也经过同音假借,大多变成了纯音节文字,使得存世女真文呈现向音节文字过渡的趋势。

There were two Jurchen Scripts made and used in Jin dynasty on the history records that the Jurchen large script was made by Wanyan Xiyin, and the Jurchen small script was made by Jin Xizong. This paper aims to demonstrate that surviving Jurchen script is a mixed system of ideographic large script and phonetic small script. In the process of use, the large script characters with recorded stem are mostly replaced by phonetic words, and most of the ideographic large script characters were turned into pure syllable words after homophones were borrowed , which made the surviving Jurchen script present a trend of transition to syllabic writing.