中古史书中的“假与”考释

Textual Research of Jiayu (假与) in China’s Mid-ancient History Books

中古史书中的“假与”有“借与”“赈济”“暂且授予”等义,均不为当代语文辞书和史书词典所收录。从标的物和目标对象来看,“假与”出现的语境多与官府对贫民的救济有关,需要结合当时的土地制度和救济贫民的措施进行考释。中古史书特色词语的考释,不仅是对中古汉语词汇研究和史书词语研究的拾遗补阙,也可以为汉魏六朝时期的农业史研究提供参考。

In China’s mid-ancient history books, Jiayu (假与) means “lend” and “aid” or “temporarily grant”, but none of them is collected in Chinese lexicons and history dictionary. The investigation of the subject matter and the target object indicates that the contexts in which Jiayu (假与) appears are more related to government relief for the poor people, So the term should be interpreted in combination with the land system and government relief for the poor. Textual research of peculiar words in history books of the mid-ancient times, is not only replenishment for the study of the ancient Chinese vocabulary and historical words, but also can provide references for the research of agricultural history in the period of Han Wei and the Six dynasties.