国外项目学习的历史沿革及发展趋势

The History and the Developing Tendency of Project-Based Learning Abroad

经过16世纪末的萌芽到21世纪的蓬勃发展400多年的历史,国外项目学习可以划分成理念的兴起和方法的形成、角色定位和实施模式的探索、内涵揭示和目标价值讨论、目标价值的提升和反思验证四个阶段。项目学习是21世纪学习方式的一种革命,未来项目学习的研究呼吁科学有效的实证研究、自成一体的理论体系构建和基于网络的合作共同体研究,研究应坚持创新性、实践性和跨学科性三大原则。

The Project-Based Learning abroad has had a history of over 400 years, which emerge at the end of 16th century and fully developed in the 21st century. It can be divided into 4 stages: the rise of ideas and the formation of project methods, the role definition and the exploration of implementation models, the revelation of connotation and the discussion of goal value, and the renovation of goal value and the reflection by empirical research. The Project-Based learning is a revolution of learning style in the 21st century, which calls for the empirical research with validity and reliability, the construction of its own theoretical system and the study on the web-based cooperative community. Creativity, practicalness and interdisciplinarity are the principles which should be followed in the research.