山西省城乡绿化的生态效益评价

EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF URBAN AND RURAL AFFORESTATION IN SHANXI PROVINCE

[目的]城乡绿化对改善地区生态气候,提高空气环境质量具有重要作用。研究山西省城乡绿化规划带来的生态效益,为今后城乡规划提供理论依据。[方法]采用熵值法,在评定山西省11个地级市PM2.5,PM10,二氧化硫,二氧化氮年平均浓度和空气质量达标天数等5个指标的基础上,综合分析2014—2016年山西省各地级市城乡绿化带来的生态效益。[结果]2015年山西省城乡绿化带来的生态效益相比2014年和2016年较为明显。在各地级市中,大同市城乡绿化带来的生态效益明显高于其他城市,且各项指标评分均较高。大部分地区PM2.5、PM10、二氧化氮和二氧化硫的浓度超出了国家二级标准要求,环境质量令人堪忧。[结论]山西省各地级市在城乡规划中应加大对绿化的投入,选择对空气具有净化作用的植物,加强对绿化植物的监管等,综合提高城乡绿化的生态效益,促进环境和社会经济的协调发展。

Urban and rural afforestation plays an important role in improving regional ecological climate and improving air quality. This research aims to study the ecological benefits brought by urban and rural afforestation planning in Shanxi province and provide theoretical basis for urban and rural planning in the future. Based on the entropy method,five indicators including the annual average concentrations of PM2.5,PM10,sulfur dioxide,and nitrogen dioxide in 11 prefecture-level cities in Shanxi province and the number of days for meeting the air quality standard were assessed,and comprehensive analysis was conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Shanxi province. Ecological benefits brought by urban greening in urban and rural areas in 2015 were more obvious than the ecological benefits brought by greening in urban and rural areas in 2014 and 2016 in Shanxi province. In the cities at different levels,the urban and rural afforestation in Datong city had significantly higher ecological benefits than other cities,and the scores of various indicators were relatively high. The concentration of PM2.5,PM10,nitrogen dioxide,and sulfur dioxide in most areas exceeded the requirements of the national secondary standards,and the environmental quality was worrying. In the urban and rural planning,the cities of different levels in Shanxi province should increase investment in greening,select plants that can purify air,strengthen the supervision of green plants,comprehensively improve the ecological benefits of urban and rural afforestation,and promote the coordinated development of the environment and society and economy.