职业院校“双导师制”的实践与探索

The Pratice and Exploration of “Dual-mentor Syterm” in Vocational Colleges

职业院校的“双导师制”是指职业院校为每名学生安排一位主要负责理论知识教学的学校导师和一位主要负责指导技能实践的企业导师。学校导师与企业导师在人才培养过程中各施所长、通力合作。双导师制有利于推动校企合作联合培养人才,实现理论教学和实践教学的统一,促进“双师型”师资队伍的建设,提升技能型人才培养的水平。由于职业院校较高的生师比、教师资格认定标准缺失、企业和技术人员的积极性不高等原因,“双导师制”的实施面临着一定的挑战。政府可通过出台相关政策调动企业和技术人才参与实施“双导师制”的积极性,壮大导师队伍。职业院校可通过控制合理的生师比以及出台导师资格认定标准等举措助推“双导师制”的实施。

The dual-mentor system in vocational colleges means that every student is assigned two mentors:one from college responsible for teaching theoretical knowledge and the other from enterprise in charge of the practice instruction.Both parties make full use of their own strengths and closely cooperate with each other in personnel training.The dual-mentor system is helpful in reinforcing the school-enterprise cooperation,facilitating the integration of theoretical teaching with practical training,improving the ranks of“doublequalified”teachers,and enhancing the quality of skilled talents.Despite some challenges existing currently due to the higher ratio of students to teachers,the imperfect recognition standards of teachers’qualification,and the little enthusiasm for participation shown by enterprises and their technicians,the“dual-mentor system”can be boosted with the mutual work of government and vocational colleges.The government needs to introduce relevant policies to encourage more enterprises and their staff to be involved in the system while the vocational colleges should keep the reasonable ratio of students to teachers and work out the criteria for teachers’qualification recognition.