基于FLACS的汽油槽车运输泄漏爆炸事故数值模拟研究

CFD Simulation of Gasoline Tanker Transportation Explosion Using FLACS

以满载33 t汽油槽车运输过程中因侧翻泄漏导致爆炸事故作为研究对象,采用FLACS软件数值模拟泄漏后的起火燃爆或形成可燃气云发生爆炸两种事故情景,对比分析事故后果。结果表明:在1 min泄漏33 t汽油情景下,形成的液池面积在泄漏后20 min时达到最大值8 132 m^2,挥发出可燃油气1.49 t,形成可燃气云9 738.2 m^3;燃爆过程持续9 s,形成最大超压3×10^5 Pa,造成最远40 m火球伤害和21 m超压轻伤;可燃气云爆炸过程持续17 s,形成最大超压8×10^5 Pa,造成最远166 m火球伤害和72 m超压轻伤。

In this study, the explosion accident caused by the leakage during the transportation of a 33 t gasoline tanker is investigated. FLACS is used to numerically simulate two potential accident scenarios of deflagration and flammable cloud explosion after the tanker collides and results in gasoline spill. Then, the consequences of the two explosion scenarios are contrastively analyzed. Results show that while 33 t of gasoline completely leak within 1 min, the liquid pool area reaches the maximum of 8 132 m^2 at 20 min after leakage. During the pool extension, 1.49 t of gasoline vapor and 9 738.2 m^3 of flammable vapor cloud are formed. The deflagration process lasts for 9 s and the maximum overpressure is 3×10^5 Pa, which causes damage ranges as far as 40 m by fireball and 21 m by overpressure shockwave, respectively. More severely, the vapor cloud explosion lasts for 17 s and the maximum overpressure is 8×10^5 Pa. The produced fireball and overpressure shockwave damage ranges can reach to 166 m and 72 m, respectively.