氨浸工艺从废弃线路板中回收铜的试验研究

Experimental Research on Copper Recycling from Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Ammonia Leaching Technology

电子废弃物中含有多种重金属及有毒有害物质,也含有一定量的铜、金、银、锌等有价金属,大量电子废弃物的肆意堆存不仅占用了大量土地,也造成了严重的环境污染,导致了资源的严重浪费。从电子废弃物中回收有价金属元素具有重要经济和社会意义。本试验以废弃电脑主板为原料,采用氨水-氯化铵为浸出剂进行湿法浸铜工艺研究。研究表明:最较浸出工艺条件为粉碎时间为30s、氨水浓度为3mol/L、氯化铵浓度为2mol/L、浸出温度为45℃、搅拌速度为450rpm、浸出时间为2h。在较佳工艺条件下进行废弃线路板氨浸试验,铜浸出率大于88%,铁不浸出,实现了铜的高效选择性浸出。

Electronic waste contains multiple heavy metal and toxic and harmful substances.It also contains a certain amount of nonferrous metals,like copper,gold,silver,zinc and so on.Wilfulystockpiling of lots of electronic waste not only occupied a great deal of land,but also give rise to severe environmental pollution,causing serious waste of resources.Recycling valuable metals from electronic waste has great economic and social significance.This experiment uses waste computer mainboards as raw material,and ammonia-ammonium chloride as leaching regent to conduct the research of copper leaching process.The experimental results indicates that the optimum leaching technology are as follows:crushing time is 30 s,ammonia concentration is 3 mol/L,ammonium chloride concentration is 2 mol/L,leaching temperature is 45℃,leaching time is 2 h.Under the optimum conditions,the copper leaching efficiency greater than 88%,while the iron leached little.It realizes the high-efficient selective leaching of copper.