团体绘画艺术治疗对慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能康复与生活质量的影响

Effect of group painting art therapy on social function rehabilitation and quality of life of chronic schizophrenia patients

目的探讨团体绘画艺术治疗对慢性精神分裂症患者的社会功能康复与生活质量的作用。方法采用随机数字表法将104例住院精神分裂症患者分配到研究组(n=53)或对照组(n=51);研究组接受团体绘画艺术干预、药物治疗和其他康复活动,对照组仅给予药物治疗和其他康复活动;干预前后两组患者分别接受阳性与阴性症状量表(positive and negative symptoms scale,PANSS)、精神分裂症患者生活质量量表(schizophrenia quality of life scale,SQLS)和住院精神患者社会功能评定量表(social-skills for psychiatric inpatients,SSPI)评估,采用独立样本t检验对结果进行比较分析。结果治疗前研究组和对照组PANSS、SQLS、SSPI总分及各维度评分差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。与对照组相比,研究组干预前-后测差值PANSS量表总分[(12.26±6.87)分,(5.11±3.11)分,t=13.11,P<0.01]及阴性症状分[(-7.96±5.44)分,(-2.82±3.47)分,t=-12.30,P<0.01],干预前-后测差值SQLS量表总分[(27.45±12.22)分,(2.41±10.68)分,t=-11.11,P<0.01],干预前-后测差值SSPI量表总分[(-20.40±8.10)分,(-0.94±8.01)分,t=12.31,P<0.01]均显著改变,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论团体绘画艺术干预可以改善精神分裂症患者的阴性症状,提高生活质量,促进社会功能恢复。

Objective To explore the effect of group painting art therapy on social function rehabilitation and quality of life of chronic schizophrenia patients. Methods Totally 104 inpatients with schizophrenia were assigned to study group with 53 cases and control group with 51 cases by random number table method.Patients in study group received group painting art therapy intervention, medication and other rehabilitation activities.While the patients in control group were only given medication and other rehabilitation activities.All patients in both groups received positive and negative symptoms scale(PANSS), schizophrenia quality of life scale(SQLS) and scale of social-skills for psychiatric inpatients(SSPI) before and after the intervention.The results were analyzed by independent sample t test. Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences of the total scores and the dimensional subscores of PANSS, SQLS and SSPI between the study group and control group(all P>0.05). Compared with control group, the difference score between pre-test and post-test of PANSS ((12.26±6.87) vs (5.11±3.11), t=13.11, P<0.01) and negative symptom ((-7.96±5.44) vs (-2.82±3.47), t=-12.30, P<0.01), score of SQLS ((27.45±12.22) vs (2.41±10.68), t=-11.11, P<0.01) and score of SSPI((-20.40±8.10) vs (-0.94±8.01), t=12.31, P<0.01) in study group changed statistically(all P<0.01). Conclusion These results suggest that group painting art therapy intervention can improve the negative symptoms, the quality of life and the recovery of social function in patients with chronic schizophrenia.