攻膜复合体杀菌机制研究进展

Research progresses in bactericidal mechanisms of membrane attack complex

补体系统是机体重要的防御因素,在抵抗病原菌入侵过程中,发挥多种生物学效应,其中通过攻膜复合体(membrane attack complex,MAC)直接杀伤细菌是最重要形式之一。尽管已知MAC可在细胞膜表面形成孔洞,但是仍有许多问题并未得到解决。近些年,随着冷冻电镜技术的发展,MAC结构得以重新认识,丰富了MAC杀菌机制研究。本文结合近几年相关研究,从细菌细胞壁结构与补体激活、MAC的结构与杀菌机理、细菌逃逸MAC杀伤策略进行论述,为细菌性疾病的防治提供科学依据。

Complement system plays important immune defense roles against bacterial infections, including direct baterial killing via the membrane attack complex(MAC). In recent years, with the development of cryoelectron microscopy technology, the structure of MAC has been re-recognized, which enriches the research of bactericidal mechanism of MAC. In this study, we will discuss the bacterial structure and complement activation, the structure of MAC and the mechanism of bacterial killing, and the MAC evasion of bacteria, based on the research in recent years, with an aim of providing scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of bacterial diseases.