江门市中心城区创伤死亡患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Traumatic Death in Central Urban Area of Jiangmen City

目的:总结广东省江门市中心城区创伤性死亡患者流行病学特点和死因,为制定预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学方法回顾性分析 2013年10月至2018年10月广东省江门市中心医院诊治的 210 例创伤死亡患者的流行病学资料。结果:院外现场死亡60例,院内死亡150例,接受手术治疗46例。以青壮年人群为主,男性发病率明显高于女性,男女比例为 3.2∶1。患者以生产工人为主(74.29%),以头部、胸部、腹部损伤为主,其中多发伤 113 例,AIS 评分全部3分或以上,主要死亡原因是严重的中枢神经系统损伤和失血性休克。创伤死亡发生原因前三位依次为道路交通伤、高处坠落伤、跌伤。结论:创伤死亡病人在发病年龄、职业、致伤原因、受伤脏器等方面存在一定规律,针对高危人群因地制宜采取预防和干预措施,可阻止创伤死亡发生,现场死亡病人以目前医疗条件及急救系统我们的努力仍然无效,应另辟途径。

Objective:To summarize and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the factors of trauma death patients in the central urban area of Jiangmen city,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and intervention measures. Methods:Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological data of 210 patients with trauma deaths treated in Jiangmen central hospital from Oct 2013 to Oct 2018. Results:There were 60 cases of death outside hospital,150 cases of death inside hospital and 46 cases of operation. The morbidity of male was significantly higher than that of female,and the ratio of male to female was 3.2∶1. The majority of the cases were production workers(74.29%),mainly with head,chest and abdomen injuries,including 113 cases with multiple injuries,all 3 points or above in the AIS score,and the main causes of death were severe central nervous system injuries and hemorrhagic shock. The top three causes of death were road traffic injury,high fall injury and fall injury. Conclusions:Trauma patients in the onset age,occupation,death causes and injured organ must rule,for high-risk groups adjust measures to local conditions to take prevention and intervention measures,can prevent traumatic death occurs,the death of the patient at the current medical condition and first aid system our efforts in vain,should be the other way.