120份小麦品种(系)重要性状功能基因的KASP检测

KASP Marker Assays for Functional Genes of Important Trait in 120 Wheat Cultivars (Lines)

为了解120份小麦品种(系)重要性状功能基因的组成,本研究利用高通量的KASP标记技术对株高、抗叶锈病、抗条锈病、抗赤霉病、抗穗发芽和加工品质等性状相关的基因进行了检测。结果表明,供试材料的株高基因组成包含5种类型,分别是Rht-B1a/Rht-D1a (1份)、Rht-B1a/Rht-D1b (58份)、Rht-B1a+160/Rht-D1a (2份)、Rht-B1a+160/Rht-D1b (30份)和Rht-D1a/Rht-B1b (29份)。在抗病性方面,有69份材料含抗叶锈病基因Lr14a,3份材料含Lr68基因;抗叶锈病基因Lr21和Lr34、抗赤霉病基因Fhb1、抗条锈病基因Yr15在供试材料中均未发现。在抗穗发芽方面,68份材料为TaMFT-A1基因的Jagger-type抗穗发芽单倍型,21份材料为TaMoc-A1基因的Hap-H抗穗发芽单倍型,22份材料为TaSdr-D1基因的TaSdr-D1a抗穗发芽单倍型,84份材料为TaPHS1基因的Rio Blanco type抗穗发芽单倍型。在品质方面,83份材料为非1B/1R易位系,20份材料含高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基5+10,供试材料均不含Bx7OE。上述结果表明,对常规育种手段育成的高代品系进行KASP标记辅助选择可作为一种重要的分子育种策略,能显著地提高小麦育种效率。

In order to understand the composition of functional genes of the important traits in 120 wheat cultivars(lines), high-throughput KASP assays was used to detect some traits-associated genes related to plant height, leaf rust resistance, stripe rust resistance, fusarium head blight resistance, pre-harvest sprouting resistance and processing quality. The results showed that the plant height gene of the tested materials contained five types, which were Rht-B1 a/Rht-D1 a(1), Rht-B1 a/Rht-D1 b(58), Rht-B1 a +160/Rht-D1 a(2), Rht-B1 a +160/Rht-D1 b(30) and Rht-D1 a/Rht-B1 b(29), respectively. On disease resistance, 69 cultivars(lines) contained leaf rust resistance gene Lr14 a, and 3 cultivars(lines) contained Lr68 gene. The leaf rust resistance gene Lr21 and Lr34, fusarium head blight resistance gene Fhb1 and stripe rust resistance gene Yr15 were all not found. On the characteristics of pre-harvest sprouting resistance, 68 cultivars(lines) were Jagger-type haplotype of TaMFT-A1 gene, 21 cultivars(lines) were Hap-H haplotype of TaMoc-A1 gene, 22 cultivars(lines) were TaSdr-D1 a haplotype of TaSdr-D1 gene, and 84 cultivars(lines) were Rio Blanco haplotype of TaPHS1 gene. On quality, 83 cultivars(lines) were non1 B/1 R translocation lines, and 20 cultivars(lines) contained high molecular weight glutenin subunit 5+10, and Bx7 OE were not found in all materials. Above results showed that KASP marker assisted selection of advanced lines bred by conventional breeding could be an important molecular breeding strategy, which can significantly improve the efficiency of wheat breeding.