不同叶型五指毛桃的形态及生理指标测定

Morphological and Physiological Parameters of Different Leaf Types of Ficus hirta Vahl.

五指毛桃(Ficus hirta Vahl)具有较高的遗传多样性。本研究对野外不同叶型五指毛桃数量及生长环境展开调查,并以新鲜采摘的五指毛桃为实验材料,通过测定其叶柄长、叶片长、叶片宽、叶面积、叶周长、表皮毛长度、密度、表皮扁平细胞和气孔器等形态学指标及叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量等生理学指标,比较不同叶型五指毛桃间的差异。结果表明:野外4种叶型五指毛桃数量从大到小依次为:全缘型、三指深裂型、浅裂型、五指深裂型;且其在叶片宽、叶周长、叶面积、表皮毛长度和密度、上表皮扁平细胞形态、下表皮气孔密度和气孔宽、根茎叶含水量、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量等方面均存在差异。本研究将为进一步了解和利用不同叶型五指毛桃种质资源提供参考依据。

Ficus hirta Vahl has high genetic diversity. In this study, the number and growth environment of Ficus hirta Vahl with different leaf types in the field were investigated. The fresh-picked Ficus hirta Vahl were used as experimental materials. The morphological indexes such as petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf perimeter, epidermal hair length, density, epidermal flat cells and stomas, and the physiological indexes such as chlorophyll, proline and soluble sugar content were measured and compared among different leaf types of Ficus hirta Vahl. The results showed that the number of Ficus hirta Vahl with four leaf types in the field was in the order of undivided Ficus hirta Vahl, three-finger partite Ficus hirta Vahl, lobed Ficus hirta Vahl and five-finger partite Ficus hirta Vahl, and there were differences in leaf width, leaf perimeter, leaf area, epidermal hair length and density, upper epidermal flat cell morphology, lower epidermal stomatal density and stomatal width, root, stem and leaf water content, proline and soluble sugar content among the four leaf types. The experiment will provide reference for further understanding and utilizing different leaf types of Ficus hirta Vahl germplasm resources.