渔用口服疫苗在水产养殖上的应用

Application of oral fishery vaccine in aquaculture

渔用疫苗的研发和应用是预防水产动物疾病,保障水产养殖业健康可持续发展的最安全有效的措施。按接种途径一般可将疫苗划分为注射、浸泡和口服疫苗,其中口服疫苗具有成本低、易规模化生产、适用于不同规格鱼种等优点,因此,近年来已成为国内外水产疫苗的研究热点。文章综述了口服疫苗的特点和免疫机制,并介绍了几种主要的水产口服疫苗的研究现状。

The development and application of fishery vaccine is the most safe and effective measure to prevent aquatic animal diseases and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of aquaculture industry. Generally, vaccines can be divided into injection, immersion and oral vaccines according to inoculation routes. And there are many advantages about oral vaccine. For example, the cost is low, then it is easy to massively produce and suitable for fish of different sizes and so on. Therefore, it has become a research hotspot of aquatic vaccines at home and abroad. This paper reviews the characteristics and immune mechanism of oral vaccine, and introduces the current research of several main aquatic oral vaccines.