2017-2018年青岛地区儿童急性上呼吸道感染病毒谱与流行特征

Etiology spectrum of virus in acute upper respiratory infection in children from 2017 to 2018 in Qingdao

目的了解2017年3月-2018年3月青岛地区儿童急性上呼吸道感染病毒谱与流行特征。方法随机抽选青岛地区符合国家流感监测方案诊断标准的流感监测病例中的儿童流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)作为研究对象,共检测359例。采集患儿咽拭子,采用多重实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链反应进行核酸检测的方法,对9种呼吸道病毒进行筛查。结果 359例标本中200例至少有1种病毒检测结果为阳性,阳性率为55.71%(200/359)。其中,阳性最多的是流感病毒B型(Influenza Virus B, IVB)Yamagata亚型29.50%(59/200),其次是肠道病毒(Human Enterovirus, HEV) 15.00%(30/200),呼吸道腺病毒(Adenovirus, AdV) 13.50%(27/200),呼吸道合胞病毒A型(Respiratory Syncytial Virus A, RSVA) 12.50%(25/200),流感病毒A型(Influenza Virus A, IVA) H1N1亚型10.00%(20/200)等。2例3种病毒混合感染,1例4种病毒混合感染。结论 2017年3月-2018年3月9种呼吸道病毒在青岛地区均有流行,IVB Yamagata亚型、HEV、AdV、RSVA亚型、IVA H1N1亚型为主要流行病毒。其中流感病毒、HEV、RSV、偏肺病毒(Human metapneumovirus, HMPV)具有明显的季节性分布。9种病毒在各病毒流行月份存在混合感染。

Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viruses in influenza-like illness in children during March 2017 to March 2018 in Qingdao. Methods A random selection of influenza surveillance cases ( influenza-like illness,ILI) among children in Qingdao area was selected as the research object,and 359 cases were detected. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for multiple-fluorescence real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid detection to screen 9 kinds of respiratory viruses. Results Among the 359 Cases,200 cases were positive for at least 1 kinds of viruses,and the positive rate was 55. 71%( 200 /359). Among these 200 cases,the most positive numbers were influenza B Yamagata ( IVB Yamagata) 29. 50%( 59 /200), followed by enterovirus 15. 00%( 30 /200),respiratory adenovirus ( AdV) 13. 50%( 27 /200),respiratory syncytial virus A ( RSVA) 12. 5%( 25 /200),influenza A H1N1( IVA H1N1) 10. 00%( 20 /200), etc. 2 cases were 3 kinds of mixed viruses infected and 1 case was 4 kinds of mixed viruses infected. Conclusions Nine kinds of respiratory viruses are prevalent in Qingdao during March 2017 -March 2018. The main prevalence viruses contain influenza B Yamagata,enterovirus,respiratory adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus A,influenza A H1N1. There is obvious seasonal distribution of influenza,respiratory syncytial virus,enterovirus,metapneumovirus. A mixed infection exists between 9 kinds of respiratory viruses,and mixed infection occurs in the month of the virus epidemic.