论广义60年代的美国家庭现实主义小说流派

Domestic Realism in American Fiction of the Generalized Sixties

20世纪60年代是美国战后风起云涌的时期。文学上,后现代小说颠覆了美国文学的原有模式。但是在此期间,美国文学尽管经历了对传统文学形式的质疑以及后现代文学的实验性突破,现实主义小说依然取得了杰出的成就。在这一时期,美国现实主义小说大量涌现,集中书写与反思了整个60年代的文化与社会变迁,而家庭是这些小说共同的主题。厄普代克、契弗、欧茨等一批作家并没有一味追逐后现代的实验主义,而是用写实的笔法真实而生动地记录了美国社会方方面面的细节,尤其是家庭空间中的生存状态,可谓开创了一股新的文学潮流。

A turbulent era in post-war American history, the sixties witnessed the booming of postmodern fiction, with experiments in literary form. However, it was exactly during this period that realist authors produced a number of successful works despite all the doubt about traditional forms of the novel. Realist novels and short stories focus on the family, a lens through which the cultural and social changes of the sixties are observed and recorded. Writers such as Updike, Cheever, and Oates, by portraying the private history of the American family in the sixties, constitute a new trend of domestic realism.