西藏色瓦藏绵羊高原适应性的血液生理学特性研究

Study on Blood Physiological Characteristics of Plateau Adaptation in Tibetan Sawa Sheep

【目的】本文研究了西藏萨瓦藏绵羊高原适应性的血液生理学特性。【方法】采集成年健康西藏萨瓦藏绵羊(海拔4800m)、林芝当地河谷型绵羊(海拔2900m)全血,用全自动动物血细胞分析仪测定其血液常规生理指标;收集已报道的绵羊血液生理学数据,通过做散点图分析海拔与绵羊的5个主要血液生理指标的相关性。【结果】西藏萨瓦藏绵羊的白细胞总数(WBC)、淋巴细胞百分比(LY%)、淋巴细胞数(LYM)、中性单核细胞数(MONOCYTES)、嗜酸细胞数(EOSINOPHILS)、红细胞总数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)显著高于林芝当地河谷型绵羊(P<0.05),而中性单核细胞百分比(MONO%)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、红细胞分布宽度-CV(RDW-CV)、血小板总数(PLT)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、血小板压积(PCT)则显著低于林芝绵羊(P<0.05),嗜酸细胞百分比(EO%)、红细胞分布宽度-SD(RDW-SD)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)差异不显著(P>0.05)。HGB与海拔存在正相关;WBC随海拔升高而增加的趋势;PLT、RBC、MCV与海拔无明显的相关性。【结论】西藏萨瓦藏绵羊通过增加白细胞数量来提高免疫力;通过增加血液中血红蛋白含量,从而提高运输氧气的能力。西藏萨瓦藏绵羊通过一系列血液生理指标的改变来适应高原环境,这些血液生理学特性将为其疾病诊断、品种选育及高原适应性等研究提供参考。

【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the blood physiological characteristics of plateau adaptation in Tibetan sawa sheep.【Method】The total blood of adult healthy Tibetan sawa (at an altitude of 4700 meters)and Linzhi local valley sheep (at an altitude of 2900 meters) were collected,and their blood routine physiological indexes were compared by automatic animal blood cell analyzer. The blood physiology datas of sheep were collected,and the correlation of altitude with 5 main blood physiological indexes of sheep by scatter plot was analyzed.【Result】The WBC,LY %,LYM,MONOCYTES,EOSINOPHILS,RBC,HGB and HCT of Tibetan sawa sheep were significantly higher than that of Linzhi sheep ( P <0.05),the MONO %,MCV,MCH,MCHC,RDW-CV and PLT,MPV and PCT of Tibetan sawa sheep were significantly lower than that of Linzhi sheep ( P <0.05),and There were no significant difference in EO %,RDW-Sd and PDW between Tibetan Sawa and Linzhi sheep( P >0.05). HGB was positively correlated with altitude;WBC had a increasing trend with the increase of altitude;And PLT,RBC,MCV were not associated with elevation.【Conclusion】 The immunity of Sawa Tibetan sheep by the enhancement of the total number of red blood cells could be improved,and the hemoglobin content in the blood could be increased to improve its ability to transport oxygen. Sawa Tibetan sheep adapted to the plateau environment through a series of changes in blood physiological indexes,which could provide a references for the diagnosis of diseases,breeding of varieties and the study of plateau adaptability.