班主任对学生进行人际交往指导的现状、问题与对策——以北京市中小学班主任为例

The Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures of Banzhurens’ Guidance on Students’ Interpersonal Communication

采用问卷法调查北京市795名中小学班主任开展学生人际交往指导的现状,结果表明:(1)北京市中小学班主任在观念层面重视对学生进行人际交往指导,但行为层面落实不够;(2)班主任的指导理念停留在问题解决式指导,发展性指导有待加强;(3)班主任开展学生人际交往指导时面临的主要困难依次是“缺乏有效指导策略”“缺乏相关知识”“缺乏制度保障,没有时间”;(4)班主任自我提升意愿强烈,会主动学习人际指导相关知识。基于此,教育管理者应提供相应政策支持,确保班主任对学生开展人际交往指导工作落实到行为层面,为班主任提供相应培训,明确班主任与心理教师的职责分工,加强专业合作,以提升班主任开展学生人际交往指导工作的实效性。

Questionnaire method is used to investigate the current situation of 795 banzhurens in primary and secondary schools in Beijing to carry out the guidance on students’interpersonal communication and the corresponding countermeasures are proposed.The results of the investigation show as follows:(1)the banzhurens in primary and secondary schools attach importance to guiding students in interpersonal communication at the conceptual level,but fail to implement it at the behavioral level;(2)the guiding concept of the banzhuren still stays in the problem-solving guidance,and the developmental guidance needs to be strengthened;(3)the main difficulties faced by the banzhuren in guiding students’interpersonal communication are“lack of effective guiding strategies”,“lack of relevant knowledge”,“lack of institutional guarantee and time”;(4)the banzhurens have a strong desire for self-improvement and will actively learn relevant knowledge of interpersonal guidance.Based on this,the education administrators should provide corresponding policy support to ensure that the guidance work carried out by the banzhuren on students’interpersonal communication is implemented at the behavioral level,provide corresponding training for the banzhuren,clarify the division of duties between the banzhuren and the psychology teacher,strengthen professional cooperation.