不同品种白葡萄成熟果实香气成分分析

Analysis of Aroma Components in Mature Fruits of Different White Grape Varieties

[目的]对比不同品种白葡萄果实香气成分及含量差异。[方法]运用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对水晶葡萄、白香蕉葡萄和阳光玫瑰3个品种成熟果实香气物质进行检测,分析不同品种白葡萄果实香气成分及含量差异。[结果]水晶葡萄和白香蕉葡萄分别检查出36、33种香气物质,包括醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、烯烃、烷烃及少量其他化合物,酯类物质含量最多,所占比重较大,水晶葡萄中氨茴酸甲酯和β-紫罗兰酮为特殊致香物质,白香蕉葡萄则以大马酮为主。阳光玫瑰仅含有醇类、醛类、酯类、烷烃和烯烃5类,共29种香气物质,其主要致香成分除主要几种单萜醇类,还有月桂烯、罗勒烯和柠檬烯。[结论]不同品种白葡萄果实香气成分及含量差异明显,特征香气存在一定差异。

[Objective]The research aimed to compare the aroma components and content of different white grape varieties.[Method]Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect the aroma components of mature fruits of ‘Shuijing’,‘White Banana’ and ‘Shine Muscat’ grape.The differences in aroma components and contents of different grape varieties were analyzed.[Result]‘Shuijing’ grape and ‘White Banana’ grape were found to have 36 and 33 kinds of aroma substances,including alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,esters,olefins,alkanes and a small amount of other compounds.The content of esters was the highest,accounting for a large proportion.In ‘Shuijing’ grape,methyl anthranilate and β-Ionone were the main aroma substances,while ‘White Banana’ grape’s main substance was damascenone.‘Shuijing’ grape contained only 5 kinds of alcohols,aldehydes,esters,alkanes and olefins.There were 29 kinds of aroma substances.The main aroma components were mainly composed of several monoterpene alcohols,as well as myrcene,basilene and limonene.[Conclusion]The aroma components and contents of different varieties of ‘White Banana’ grape fruit were significantly different,and the characteristic aroma was different.