晚期胆道系统肿瘤的靶向和免疫治疗研究进展

Research progress in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for biliary tract carcinoma

胆系肿瘤(BTC)化疗效果不佳。目前的一系列早期临床研究正在探索新的有效方法,包括多种靶向药物及免疫治疗。靶向EGFR通路、HER-2通路的药物以及多靶点的抗血管生成药物、MEK抑制剂等在后线治疗中对晚期BCT有一定的抗肿瘤活性。另外,新型靶向药物如IDH-1/2抑制剂、成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)抑制剂等在早期试验中也得到了阳性结果。免疫治疗对胆道肿瘤的治疗价值得到了初步证实,值得深入研究。本文就近年来分子靶向药物及免疫治疗胆系肿瘤的研究进展及今后的研究方向进行综述,以期指导临床实践。

Although chemotherapy is ineffective for advanced biliary tract carcinoma (BTC), a series of early-stage researches have been exploring new strategies in biliary tract carcinoma, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Agents targeting EGRF and HER-2 pathway, multi-targeted small molecule inhibitors and MEK inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy as later-line treatment in advanced BTC. Moreover, novel targeted agents such as IDH inhibitors and FGFR inhibitors are promising treatment strategies. The effect of immunotherapy in BTC is encouraging, which worth further study. In this review, we summarized the results of these researches and direction for future development of BTC, thereby providing guidance on clinical practice.